Method of making v pulleys and the like



Jan. 7, 1930. R. G. NELSON 1,742,484

METHOD OF MAKING V-PULLEYS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 12, 1927' aSheets-Sheet 1 &

Jan. 7, 1930. R. G. NELSON 1,742,434

METHOD OF MAKING V-PULLEYS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 12, 192' 5Sheets-Sheet 2 I Fig: 4

gwuento'a 153.6. Nelson Jan. 7, 1930. R. G. NELSON METHOD OF MAKINGV-PULLEYS AND THE LIKE Filed Aug. 12, 192 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 Fig.6

Fig. 7

Patented Jan. 7, 1930 V UNITED STATES,

PATENT, 'oFFic REYNOLD G. NELSON, OF CANTON, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE SPUNSTEEL CORPORATION,

OF CANTON, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO METHOD OF MAKING V PULLEYS ANDTHE LIKE Application filed August '12, 1927. Serial No. 212,496.

My invention-relates to methods of'making an article of manufacturewithin relatively close limits of tolerance by a sequence of operationsincluding roller spinning, and more particularly to methods of making anarticle of manufacture such as an adjustable V pulley including atubularfbody and a peripheral flange extending outwardly therefrom at adefinite angle.

Adjustable V pulleys may include an inner cylindric body having anoutwardly extend ing peripheral flange at a suitable angle to the bodyto form one side of a V pulley groove, and a separate outer cylindricbody seated upon the inner cylindric body and having an outwardlyextending peripheral flange at a suitable angle to the body to form theother side of the V pulley groove, and the outer body beinglongitudinally adjustable upon the inner body in order to yary the distance between the flanges forming the V pulle'y groove.

Such V pulleys have heretofore been manufactured by integrally castingthe inner cylindric body and its peripheral flange, and separately, theouter body and its flange, and by machining the pulley faces of theflanges, and threads in the inner and outer bodies for securing thelongitudinal adjustment, as well as the bearings and other partsthereof.

Such a cast and machined adjustable V pulley requires a relatively greatweight of material in order that the cast walls may be of properthickness to resist the loads imposed, is relatively expensive tomanufacture due to the necessity of machining the same, and isrelatively difficult to balance.

In my U. S. Letters Patent No. 1,680,061, of August 7, 1928 for spunmetal manufacture and products, I disclose an apparatus and method forspinning integral, non-adjustable, spun metal V groove pulleys from theheavier gauges, as 16 gauge and thicker and including quarter inchsheets or strips, not only of the soft metals such as brass, aluminum.and the like. but also of steel, the spun metal V groove pulleys beingcompletely finished and substantially dynamically balanced.

The metal spinning apparatus and method of my aforesaid patent isconveniently and immediately adaptable for the'manufacture in relativelysmall quantities entirely by spinning operations from sheet or stripmetal of adjustable V pulleys having the same external form anddimensions as those of the present invention, but for quantityproduction of the same it is preferable to use the improved method ofmanufacture hereinafter set forth and which includes in its sequence ofoperations a roller spinning operation which may be carried out by theuse of the apparatus and method of my aforesaid prior patent.

On the other hand attempts have been made to stamp or press by means ofreciprocating dies, the separate cylindric bodies and peripheral flangesfor adjustable V pulleys, but it has been found practically impossibleto form by reciprocating dies the flanges-on the body with the necessaryangle thereto, without buckling the sheet or strip metal in the flangesthus introducing undulations in the wearing surfaces of thepulleyflanges, which undulations are undesirable and render necessary asubsequent machining or .grinding operation to provide faces for suchpressed pulley flanges which will grip a V elt therebetween with thenecessary 'uni formity of pressure.

Moreover by reciprocating pressing operations, the wearing surfaces ofthe pulley flanges are not densified as is the case when the same arespun, and are not inherently dynamically balanced as the result of thepressing operation as is the case with a roller spinning operation.

It is furthermore diflicult by a pressing operation to attain auniformity of thickness throughout the cylindric body and flange.

Accordingly the objects of the present improvements include:

First, the provision of a method of making an article of manufacturesuch as an adjustable V pulley including inner and outer cylindricbodies 'slidable on each other and each provided with an outwardlyextending peripheral flange at a fixed angle with its body, the flangesconstituting an adjustable V groove for the pulley, and each cylindric Ibody being made up of longitudinally worked i particles and each flangebeing made up of longitudinally and arcuately worked particles, with theconsequent provision of densified and smooth wearing surfaces for thepulley groove, and

Second, the provision of a method of making adjustable V pulleys of theabove descrip-' tion from disks of sheet or strip metal preferably steelof 16 gauge or thicker, and which shall be adapted for economicalquantity production.

These and ancillary objects are attained by the present improved methodof making an article of manufacture such as an adjustable V pulley,which method will be set forth in greater detail hereinafter, and whichmay be described in general terms as includin first the step of finishforming a tubular body and semi-forming; flange from a blank disk bypressing or the like, and then the step of finish forming the flange byroller spinmng.

Preferred embodiments of the finished products made according to themethod of the present invention, and of the same during successive stepsin their manufacture, are illustrated in the accompanying drawingsforming part hereof, in which Figure 1 is an end elevation of oneembodiment of the improved-adjustable V pulley, with portions brokenaway and illustrated in cross section as on line 11, Fig. 2;

Fig. 2. a side elevation thereof with portions broken away andillustrated in longitudinal axial cross section as on line 22, Fig. 1;

Figs. 3, 4 and 5, sectional views illustrating successive steps in themethod of making the inner cylindric body and flange for the pulley; I

Figs. 6, 7 and 8, sectional views illustratin successive steps in themethod of making the outer cylindric body and flange for the pulle Fig9, a view similar to Fig. 1 of a modi fled embodiment of the improvedpulley, with portions broken away and illustrated in cross section as online 99 Fig. 10; and

Fig. 10, a side elevation thereof with portions broken away andillustrated in longitudinal axial cross section as on line 10-10, Fig.9.

gimilar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

The improved adjustable V pulley indic ated generally at 11 in Figs. 1and 2 inchides an inner cylindric body 12 provided at one end with anoutwardly flaring peripheral ange 13 at a fixed angle with the cylindricbody depending on'the particular angulation of the V belt with which thepulley is intended to be operated.

The other end of the cylindric body 12 is preferably closed as by thecircular end Wall 14 provided with suitable apertures 15 therein bywhich the pulley may be secured to a suitable hub, not shown.

An outer cylindric body 16 is slidable on the inner cylindric body andis provided at its end adjacent the flanged end of the inner cylindricbody 12, with an outwardly flaring peripheral flange 17 at an angle tothe outer body 16 reverse to that of the angle of the flange 13 to theinner body 12.

The face 18 of the flange 13 opposes the face 19 of the flange 17, andthe faces 18 and 19 form a V groove for the pulley in which a V belt isadapted to ride and turn or be turned by the pulley; and for providingadequate gripping pressure on the sides of the V belt, the distancebetween the opposed faces of the pulley groove is adjustable bylongitudinally sliding the outer cylindric tubular body 16 upon theinner cylindric cup body 12. e

The preferred means of securing the inner and outer cylindric bodies andtheir flanges at desired selective positions with respect to each otherincludes angled slots 20 in the outer cylindric body 16 through whichscrews 21 may extend and be screwed into suitable threaded apertures 22in the inner cylindric body and reinforcing plates 23 therefor as may bedesired, whereby by unscrewing the screws 21 and rotating the outercylindric body upon the inner cylindric body, the angled slots 20 willvary the longitudinal distance between the opposed faces 18 and ,19 ofthe V groove faces, and the desired distance between the faces may thenbe fixed and secured by tightening the screws.

For facilitating rotation of the outer cylindric body 16 by a spannerwrench or the like, suitable spanner wrench sockets 24 may be provideduponthe outer cylindric body.

The modified adjustable V pulley 11' illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10 isidentical with the embodiment 11 with the exceptions that the means forsecuring the outer cylindric body upon the inner cylindric body includesbolts 21, instead of screws. 21, and each bolt 21 is preferably providedwith a squared offset 25 in its head for fitting in a like shapedaperture in the inner cylindric body 12, and each bolt shank extendsthrough one of the slots 20 in the outer cylindric body 16 and a nut 26is screwed thereon for securing the cylindric bodies in any desiredposition with respect to each other.

Each of the aforesaid cylindric bodies and integral peripheral flangeshave a substantially uniform thickness of material throughout the flangeand the body, and each cylindric body is preferably made up oflongitudinally worked particles, and each flange is preferably made upof longitudinally and arcuately worked particles and is provided with adensified and smooth wearing surface forthe pulley groove.

This arrangement of the particles is attained by subjecting a blank diskor the like of sheet or strip metal to a series of one or more stampingor pressing operations followed by a roller spinning finishing operationfor the flange.

In Fig. 3, is illustrated a disk 12 from which is made the inner body 12and its flange by the improved method hereof.

Fig. 4 illustrates the finished inner body 12 and end wall 14 and thesemi-finished flange 13, which have been formed from the disk 12 bysubjecting it to one or more pressing or drawing operations asbetweensuitable reciprocating dies of a draw press.

By pressing operations it is possible to make the cylindric body 12sufficiently accurate, but it is practically impossible to accuratelyform a finished flange thereon which shall have the desired smoothwearing surface and shall be belanced.

Accordingly by the pressing operations, the body 12 containslongitudinally worked particles and the semi-finished flange 13 alsocontains longitudinally worked particles, and these longtiudinallyworked particles in the semifinished flange are next subject to arcuateworking as by means of the roller spinning apparatus illustrated in myprior application, Serial No. 135,852.

This arcuate working is attained by applying the pressure of a rollingspinning tool upon the wearing face 18 of the flange 13 from itsintersection with the cylindric body as at A, the other face of theflange being pressed by the spinning tool against a suitable arbor.

By these means the flange 13 may be accurately spun against the arborwith a fixed angular relation with the cylindric body, and the wearingface 18 is provided with a smooth densified surface.

In Fig. 6, a disk 16 is illustrated from which is made the outer body 16and its flange by the improved'method hereof.

Fig. 7 illustrates the finished outer body 16 and the semi-finishedflange 17, which have been formed from the disk 16 by subjecting it toone or more pressing or drawing and punching operations as betweensuitable reciprocating dies of a draw press.

quantity production, and substantial]. statically and dynamicallybalanced, an these advantages in the product are attained by theimproved method of manufacture as hereinbefore set forth.

The product, an adjustable V pulley disclosed, described, but notclaimed herein has been made the subject matter of my divisionalapplication filed June 20, 1928, Serial No. 286,979, entitled Spun metalmanufacture and products.

I claim:

1. The method of making an article of. manufacture such as an adjustableV pulley including a tubular body and an outwardly extending peripheralflange, which includes finish formin the tubular body and semiformingthe ange to one shape from sheet or strip metal and the like bylongitudinally working the material as between reciprocating dies, and\finish forming the flange to another shape by arcuately worln'ng byroller spinning the longitudinally worked ma-' terial therein.

2. The method of making an article of manufacture such as an adjustableV pulley including a tubular body and an outwardly extending peripheralflange, which includes finish formin the tubular body and semiformingthe an e to one shape from sheet or strip materia and the like bypressing. the material between dies, and finish forming the flange toanother shape by roller spinning the flange against an arbor.

In testimony thatv I claim the above, I have hereunto subscribed noname.

REYNOLD NELSON.

As the result of the pressing operations,

the body 16 contains longitudinall worked particles and thesemi-finished ange 17 also contains longitudinally worked particles. andthese longitudinally worked particles in the semi-finished flange arenext subject to arcuate working as by means of apparatus as aforesaid,by the pressure of a rolling spinning tool and a suitable angle III

